State of extreme exception tacitly recognized in the constitution and its application to the private sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25057/2500672X.1309Keywords:
exception regime, Site status, State of emergency, State of calamity, State of shock, State of catastropheAbstract
The present work postulates the existence of a state of extreme exception, which would be implicitly recognized in the constitutions of several countries. At the same time, it points out how this exceptional regime affects both the public and private sectors.
In the work the historical method is used and an analysis of comparative law is made. The tin notion of "state of exception" is used, which includes the states of: "emergency", "alarm", "catastrophe", "siege", "war" or "calamity". After an introduction, it is explained how the state of exception has evolved over the centuries, and how the powers conferred on the president have been progressively limited, until in some countries they have constituted a weak state of exception. Then the deficiencies of that weak state of exception are observed to face crises such as the pandemic of the coronavirus covid-19. After confirming the above, applying the principles of necessity, self-preservation, proportionality and reasonableness, the existence of a “state of extreme exception” is proposed that allows the authorities to better deal with crises. How this new regime could work and what its limitations would be is indicated. Once the notion of this new exception regime has been established, and its scope delimited, it is analyzed how much impact it could have on the private sector.
Finally, the repercussions on the establishment of legal responsibility are analyzed, both in the public sector and in the private sector.
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